Matter is generally found in three different forms: solid, liquid, and gas (or vapor). The solid state of matter is characterized by a distinct structural rigidity and resistance to deformation (that is changes of shape and/or volume). Most solids have high values both of Young's modulus and of the shear modulus of elasticity. This contrasts with liquids or fluids, which have zero static shear modulus and exhibit the capacity for macroscopic viscous flow.
The branch of physics that deals with solids is called solid-state physics, and is the main branch of condensed matter physics which also includes liquids. The emerging field of materials science is primarily concerned with the physical and chemical properties of solids and their applications as high performance materials in modern technology. Solid-state chemistry is especially concerned with the synthesis of novel materials, as well as the science of identification and chemical composition.
Because solids have thermal energy or heat capacity, their atoms vibrate about fixed mean positions within the ordered (or disordered) lattice. Shown here are the one-dimensional normal modes of vibration in a crystalline solid. The amplitude of the motion has been exaggerated, and is actually much smaller than the lattice parameter. The entire spectrum of lattice vibrations in a crystalline or glassy network plays a key role in the kinetic theory of solids.
Contents |
|
Minneapolis City Pages
By Andrea Swensson in Reporter's Notebook If you're a fan of the Current, you already know that the Twin Cities-based radio station is a huge fan of Solid ...
Solid Gold's fantastic voyage: From Twin Cities band to national treasure Minneapolis City Pages
Solid Gold: Reporter's Notebook Minneapolis City Pages
This week's City Pages cover: Solid Gold Minneapolis City Pages
all 4 news articles »
265px x 227px | 10.50kB
[source page]
Body Solid PowerLift Commercial FID Bench Body Solid PowerLift Commercial Flat Incline Decline Bench is the best FID Bench on the Market Heavy gauge 3 inch Steel Frame with 9 position Seat and Back Positions to Blast
