A theory of Substantial forms asserts there are things called Forms (or Ideas), and they are what organizes matter and makes it intelligible. Substantial forms are the source of order, unity, and identity of objects. Substantial forms are what is delivered to us through sensation and thus are a solution to the problem of universals.
The idea of substantial forms dominates greek philosophy and medieval philosophy, but has fallen out of favour in modern philosophy.[1] The idea of substantial forms has been abandoned for a mechanical, or “bottom-up” organization.[2]
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